Global Public Health Essay -- Public Health Care Essays

After 150 years of normal wellness research and intervention, at that place atomic number 18 bound to be many lessons to draw upon which can fork out the insight to guide mankind health professionals and institutions as they design and implement specific strategies, policies, and measures to outgrowth global resilience for complex health emergencies. Identifying both the modifications to universal health systems and fonting closely from the history of managing environmental and other threats to the public health area increases the worlds adaptive capacity to more effectively cope and manage with public health emergencies. Major advances have been made during the past ten-spot in the port the international community responds to challenges of complex emergencies. The public health and clinical response to disease of acute epidemiological potential has improved dramatically based on prior knowledge of success and failure. all year, new public health campaigns are started in efforts to change health outcomes and improve health behavior, but it must be understood public health is always changing and we must use what we have versed over the years to flake the ever so changing health world. Throughout public healths history we have witnessed success stories and unfortunately witnessed failed initiatives. One way to advance understand how to deal with any public health crisis is to look at the experience in dealing with other public health issues, especially those where there has been progress made. From the eradication of smallpox and potentially the most authorised public health achievement in American History---the chlorination of drinking water all the way to the current crises of malaria, obesity, TB and HIV/AIDS we see the actualisation of what a true ca... ...ainly call into question the credibility of the public health profession, as did the dispel of the disastrous malaria eradication effort. Works Cited1) corpulency Statistics. The Obes ity Society. The Obesity Society, 2010. Web. 12 declension 2010. .2) Henderson, Donald. Eradication Lessons from the Past. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (1999) 16-22. Web. 12 celestial latitude 2010. 3) Hung, Less Shiu. The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong what lessons have we learned?. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 96.8 (Aug 2003) 374-378. Web. 12 Dec 2010. .4) Ruger, Jennifer. Global Tobacco oblige An integrated approach to global health policy. Palgrave MacMillan (2005) 65-69. Web. 12 Dec 2010. . Global Public Health Essay -- Public Health Care EssaysAfter 150 years of public health research and intervention, there are bound to be many lessons to draw upon which can provide the insight to guide public health professionals and institutions as they design and implement specific strategies, policies, and measures to increase global resilience for complex health emergencies. Identifying both the modifications to public health systems and looking closely from the history of managing environmental and other threats to the public health sector increases the worlds adaptive capacity to more effectively cope and manage with public health emergencies. Major advances have been made during the past decade in the way the international community responds to challenges of complex emergencies. The public health and clinical response to disease of acute epidemiological potential has improved dramatically based on prior knowledge of success and failure. Every year, new public health campaigns are started in efforts to change health outcomes and improve health behavior, but it must be understood public health is always changing and we must use what we have learned over the years to combat the ever so changing health world. Throughout public healths history we have witnessed success stories and unfortunately witnessed failed initiatives. One way to better understand how to deal with any public health crisis is to look at the experience in dealin g with other public health issues, especially those where there has been progress made. From the eradication of smallpox and potentially the most important public health achievement in American History---the chlorination of drinking water all the way to the current crises of malaria, obesity, TB and HIV/AIDS we see the realization of what a true ca... ...ainly call into question the credibility of the public health profession, as did the collapse of the disastrous malaria eradication effort. Works Cited1)Obesity Statistics. The Obesity Society. The Obesity Society, 2010. Web. 12 Dec 2010. .2) Henderson, Donald. Eradication Lessons from the Past. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (1999) 16-22. Web. 12 Dec 2010. 3) Hung, Less Shiu. The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong what lessons have we learned?. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 96.8 (Aug 2003) 374-378. Web. 12 Dec 2010. .4) Ruger, Jennifer. Global Tobacco Control An integrated approach to global health policy. Palgrave MacMi llan (2005) 65-69. Web. 12 Dec 2010. .

Comparing London by William Blake and Westminster Bridge by William Wor

Comparing London by William Blake and Westminster Bridge by William Wordsworth William Blake was innate(p) in London in 1757. He was taught by his mother at home, and became an apprentice to an engraver at fourteen. In addition to poetry Blake spent much of his judgment of conviction painting. Blake lived on the edge of poverty and died in neglect. His poetry receiving little acclaim while he was alive. London was written by Blake in 1789. Taken from Blakes Songs of Experience, the style is darker and in a sense depressing. It describes the city after the Industrial Revolution. Blake takes a very negative and hopeless view of the city and the lives of those life sentence within it. He hated the way London was becoming, looking negatively on wrinkle and materialism. Blake felt himself as free, and the poem is a comment on others living in London. In the first line of the first stanza, he creates immediate effect as he contrasts the words wander with cha rterd, which he goes on to use to describe the Thames River in the following line. Wander suggests a sense of naturally meandering in an open expanse, contrasting greatly with the latter, which referring to the city itself, suggests a sense of narrow enclosed in space. This description leads the reader to envisage a regulated and constrained city, limited by business and materialism. Blake goes on to describe the charterd Thames does flow. This is ironic in the sense that any flow seems to be restricted by the banked in and concreted image of the river that the poet creates in that location is nothing natural or beautiful about the Thames any longer. Equally Blakes repetition of the word mark, while us... ...r for what she does in order to make a living. This is ironic because the business of prostitution is caused in part by the parapets placed upon the married man. It is also ironic because the married man is what has created the need for, and u se of prostitutes. The woman of the street curses the respectable and polite society because it is they who have created the demand for her, and then look down upon what she does. Blights with plagues implies that perhaps she also infects them with some sort of sexually transmitted disease, conceivably as a type of vengeance upon those who shun her. The final words of the poem, Marriage hearse compares marriage to death. The narrator sees marriage as another type of restriction placed upon man by society, marriage is a sort of death in mans ability to be free to do as he wishes.

Should Trade Sanctions Be Stopped Essays -- essays research papers fc

SHOULD ALL TRADE SANCTIONS BE STOPPED?To most of the world, sanctions argon a mixed blessing. On the one hand, they reinforce trade rules and promote respect for them. On the other hand, they tend to undermine the principles of free trade and excite a kind of trade envy(Charnovitz) in other international organizations. look at retaliation goes back quite a ways we see examples of it in much of US law-Antidumping Act of 1916, which has seen little use.(Charnovitz)- world(prenominal) Labor Organization, from the Treaty of Versailles 1919, which served as an international dispute system, but no economic measures were ever recommended until 2000, against Burma.(Charnovitz)-UN credentials Council, which handles breaches of peace, only used sanctions 3 times between 1920-1990, but now uses them much more frequently.(Charnovitz)To understand the difficulty I have agreeing with the suggestion that in all trade sanctions must be stopped, I feel it is important to discuss almost of the go od, the bad, and the ugly involved with imposing sanctions. Ill start my discussion with some of the good that comes from restricting trade, move into some of the negative affects, and summarize with improvements I feel could be made to this defunct system.The first advantage that comes to mind to the highest degree imposing trade sanctions would have to be the ability of the sanctioning government to let everyone know how pissed they are, make their own people relatively happy, and past move on. Although this may only be temporary.(Charnovitz)Individual countries, especially major world powers, like to impose trade sanctions even when the probability of forcing a sort in the target countrys policy is small. In addition to indicating a resolution and suggesting their disapproval to the direct wrong doer and to other countries, politicians may also want to pose for their own people.(Library of Economics) If you look at the example of the US, European, and British sanctions agains t South Africa as well as US, European, and Japanese sanctions against China in the wake of the Tiananmen Square massacre, you can see that these were specifically designed to put their own citizens at ease, to make a moral and historical statement, and to send a warning to f... ...t be a common ground. There are different circumstances for every case brought forth, some where sanctions seem to be the only give of action, and some where they seem to be the worst course of action. We need to learn how to take this effective bargaining tool, and use it to better our global trading community.BIBLIOGRAPHYChanovitz, Steve Rethinking WTO Trade Sanctions Social Science Research Networkhttp//papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=256952Elliott, Kimberly Evidence on the Costs and Benefits of Economic Sanctions Institute for International Economicshttp//www.iie.com/publications/papers/elliott1097.htmLibrary of Economics lookup = Sanctionshttp//www.econlib.org/library/Enc/Sanctions.htm lSchooland, Ken International Trade and Finance HPU Economics 3400, Lecture/Video on Panama.Weiss, Stanley A. Trade Sanctions are a Misused Tool International Herald Tribune Saturday, June 26, 1999Yang, Jaiwan Teegan, Hildy Both are Associate Professors for the Department of International Business at George Washington University US Economic Sanctions and Globalization Economic Impact and policy Implicationshttp//www.gwu.edu

An Analysis of Singing to Wolves Essay -- Singing to Wolves

An Analysis of Singing to Wolves The poem, Singing to Wolves is a modern poem, that tries to explain to the reader how extraordinary solitude is, but withal considers its negative side, with the grammatical case of a l unmatchedly girl. The poem starts off with a brief encounter into the history of Wales, and duologue about the Llanthony monks, who the reader is told were unloved by the Welsh, and thus driven to a lonely life in the wilderness. By reading this poem, it seems as though macrocosm unloved is a popular reason for solitude. After this brief insight into Wales history the reader is then taken back to the realms of modern day living. why should we stay here singing to wolves? This opening sentence seems to act as a kind of question, which is answered in the course of the poem. At first it sounds like a stupid matter to do, but eventually the reader realises that the wolves become very symbolic in the poem. Wolves are thought of as being ruthless hunters of the wi lderness, and one could hardly imagine them being impressed by the singing of any person. For the monks the Wolves were those that despised them (the Welsh), and by singing to them, they were actually trying to convince them of their belief and so on And seeing as no-one ever listened to them, they may as well sing to the wolves, as they take just as much notice of them. However the wolves also have another interesting metaphorical meaning in the poem. These days they no longer roam Britain, and have all died out,&nb... ...flowers Another interesting thing that the poet makes use of is semicolons. These are used throughout the three stanzas. The point of these semicolons is to make the sentences seem longer, and bring a certain amount of continuity to it. said Llanthony monks and left field for soft living Once one has recognised the ideas behind the text, one realises that the poem tries to make the reader think about the world he lives in, and possibly even prompt him into looking more deeply into his way of life, and try not to simply follow the pattern that everybody else makes. The poet has don this by using the example of the monks in the past years, and the little girl in our modern world. Maybe he wants the reader to find a medium between becoming a statistic, and singing to wolves.

Summary and Analysis of The Reeves Tale Essay -- Canterbury Tales The

Summary and Analysis of The Reeves descriptionPrologue to the Reeves TaleThe reactions of the crowd to the Millers Tale were mixed, although many laughed. Only Oswald, the elderly Reeve was offended. He claims that with mature the qualities of boasting, lying, anger and covetousness fade away. He vows to repay the Millers Tale. AnalysisThe prologue to the Reeves Tale continues the pattern established with the prologue to the Millers Tale. Just as the Miller told his tale as a reaction to the Knights tale, the Reeve vows to tell a tale as a reaction to what the Miller has told, offended by his satiric description of aged work in comparison to the younger characters of the Millers Tale. He believes that the Millers Tale was an attack on him, and will so tell a tale that is an attack on the Miller. The Reeves TaleAt Trumpington, near Cambridge, there is a brook where nearby stands a mill. There is a miller who lived there once who wore ostentatious clothing and could run into the ba gpipe, wrestle and fish. He always had a knife with him, and had a round face and flattened nose. His name was Simon, and nicknamed Symkyn. His wife came from a noble family her father was the parson. Symkyn was a jealous man and his wife pretentious. They had a daughter who was now twenty and a toddler. The miller was dishonest in his business dealings. He cheated the college worst of all, and take meal and corn from the dying steward of Cambridge. Two students, John and Aleyn, received permission from the provost to see the corn flat coat at the mill. Aleyn tells Symkyn that he is there to ground the corn and bring it back, since the sick steward cannot. While they ground the corn, Symkyn found the students horse and set it loo... ...n this distinction is minor. Although they are students, they come from the more rustic Yankee area of England and show little of the savvy that Nicholas displayed in the previous tale. They are cheated out of their corn and lose their horse thro ugh the millers deception. When they seduce the millers wife and daughter, they do so merely out of opportunity and jealousy, and their actions seem to be little better than rape. The two students even lack that measure of lust that is present in the Millers Tale and which might make the characters more sympathetic. In the end, most of the characters suffer some physical injury, but most of all the miller. For deceiving the students he found himself cuckolded, his daughter deflowered, and himself robbed and severely wounded. Even the means by which he is wounded is comic his wife conks him on the head with his staff.

Summary and Analysis of The Reeves Tale Essay -- Canterbury Tales The

Summary and Analysis of The Reeves twaddlePrologue to the Reeves TaleThe reactions of the crowd to the milling machines Tale were mixed, although many laughed. Only Oswald, the elderly Reeve was offended. He claims that with age the qualities of boasting, lying, anger and covetousness fade away. He vows to repay the Millers Tale. AnalysisThe prologue to the Reeves Tale continues the pattern establish with the prologue to the Millers Tale. Just as the Miller told his tale as a reaction to the Knights tale, the Reeve vows to tell a tale as a reaction to what the Miller has told, offended by his satiric description of aged carpenter in comparison to the younger characters of the Millers Tale. He believes that the Millers Tale was an attack on him, and will so tell a tale that is an attack on the Miller. The Reeves TaleAt Trumpington, near Cambridge, there is a brook where nearby stands a mill. There is a milling machine who lived there once who wore ostentatious clothing and could pla y the bagpipe, wrestle and fish. He always had a knife with him, and had a round face and flattened nose. His name was Simon, and nicknamed Symkyn. His wife came from a noble family her father was the parson. Symkyn was a jealous man and his wife pretentious. They had a daughter who was now twenty and a toddler. The miller was dishonest in his business dealings. He cheated the college worst of all, and stole meal and lemon yellow from the dying steward of Cambridge. Two students, John and Aleyn, received permission from the provost to follow out the corn ground at the mill. Aleyn tells Symkyn that he is there to ground the corn and bring it back, since the sick steward cannot. While they ground the corn, Symkyn found the students horse and primed(p) it loo... ...n this distinction is minor. Although they are students, they come from the more rustic northern area of England and show little of the savvy that Nicholas displayed in the previous tale. They are cheated out of their c orn and lose their horse through the millers deception. When they seduce the millers wife and daughter, they do so merely out of opportunity and jealousy, and their actions seem to be little better than rape. The dickens students even lack that measure of lust that is present in the Millers Tale and which might make the characters more sympathetic. In the end, most of the characters suffer some somatic injury, but most of all the miller. For deceiving the students he found himself cuckolded, his daughter deflowered, and himself robbed and severely wounded. Even the means by which he is wounded is comic his wife conks him on the head with his staff.

Mahtab’s Story Essay

INTRODUCTIONI1. Overcoming Obstacles shows a journey of where an individual is facing atrocious difficulties in life, and then finds ways to overcome their individualised trials. (Thesis/Main idea) I2. Mahtabs Story, a novel by one of Australias best-loved childrens authors Libby Gleeson, is inspired by uncoiled events through the main character Mahtab and her familys experiences of Overcoming Obstacles. (Introducing your texts) I3. Mahtabs Story explores Overcoming Obstacles through the characters events, such as (1) Mahtab being responsible in victorious care and protecting her younger siblings, (2) accepting their loss of belongings in order for Mahtabs family to travel to Australia and (3) being open to Australias culture in their life. (Arguments) BODY(FIRST)Point= Example= Technique Explanation=Overcoming ObstaclesOvercoming Obstacles shows a journey of where an individual is facing serious difficulties in life, and then finds ways to overcome their personal trials. (Thesi s) Mahtab being responsible in taking care and protecting her younger siblings1. Topic denounce In Mahtabs Story, the main character has the expectation of taking care and protecting her younger sibling which sheMahtab is a young girl who has two younger siblings, named Farhad and Soroya. It is her task to make sure that they are safe and nurture them. This is a large responsibility and expectation for a 12 years old girl. Mahtab cuddled her and said, dad would never let anything bad happened to you. This is an example of direct speech where Mahtab lives up to her expectation as an older sibling by providing care and protection for her sister.2. Link back to Introduction / essay question.3. of leaving their loved ones and friends poop4. Mahtabs family were afraid of the Taliban and had fear in their country. They left in secret marking the beginning of their journey from Afghanistan and to Australia. (SECOND)Overcoming Obstacles shows a journey of where an individual is facing serious difficulties in life, and then finds ways to overcome their personal trials. (Thesis) accepting their loss of belongings in order for Mahtabs family to travel to Australia P Mahtab and her family were forced to glide by away almost everything they had with them in order to safely travel to Australia. Mahtab slid the bracelet into her hand. Give them this, Mum. She pressed the bracelet into her mothers hand. T Kinesthetic tomographyE This is an example of Overcoming Obstacles as Mahtab had volunteered to give up her beloved Grandmothers bracelet in order to help her family travel overseas. (THIRD)Topic SentenceP Mahtab and her family went to Australia knowing that they have to learn a new language, learn about their culture and to leave behind Afghanistan. Repetition is shown in Stranger in a strange land. This is not my place. These are not my people. E At first, Mahtabs family thought that they will get the opportunity to have a wear out life and freedom. Overcoming Ob stacles is seen as this quote accurately shows how Mahtabs family escaped Afghanistan though they feel very sad, uncomfortable and unwelcome in Australia instead of freedom, they are displace to a detention centre. Link back to question.CONCLUSIONI1. Overcoming Obstacles shows a journey of where an individual is facing serious difficulties in life, and then finds ways to overcome their personal trials. Mahtabs Story written by Libby Gleeson is based on by true events as the main character experiences of Overcoming Obstacles. Mahtabs Story shows Overcoming Obstacles through events in the novel, such as Mahtab being responsible in taking care and protecting her younger siblings, acceptingtheir loss of belongings in order for Mahtabs family to travel to Australia and being open to Australias culture in their life. Mahtab and her family members had seriously faced a lot of difficult challenges throughout them travelling from Afghanistan to Australia without being seen by anyone. This O vercoming Obstacle of what Mahtab and her family faced like Losing everything they got, more expectation from Mahtab and moving to another country are very strong and amazingly accomplished.

Dressed All in Pink Essay

Literary Ballad A literary ballad is a poem written by a specific author. These ballads are non set to music. An example of a literary ballad would be Dudley Randalls ballad Dressed All In Pink Dressed All In Pink by Dudley Randall It was a wet and cloudy day when the prince took his last berate. The prince rode with the gonernor, and his princess rode beside. And would you like to ride inside for shelter from the rain? No Ill ride outside, where I can wave and speak to my friends again. They ride among the cheering crowds, he young prince and his mate.The governor says, See how they smile and cheer you where they wait. The prince rides with the governor, his princess rides beside, dressed all in exploit as delicate as roses of a bride. Pink as a rose the princess rides, but bullets from a gun turn that pink to as deep a red as red, red blood can run, for she bends to where the prince lies still and cradles his shattered head, and there that pink so delicate is dye a deep, dee p red. the princess rides beside, and her dress of pink so delicate deep, deep red is dyed. Jackie Kennedy is the princess -iambic tetrameter -rhyming scheme abcb -the dress symbolizes the country itself falling from grace -colour imagery of pink as roses and red as blood -princess is described in colour -dyed at the end has a double meaning -dress is said to be as pink as roses but roses are also a deep shade of red, but the dress is not referred to a rose when it is cover in blood -Pink is the colour of innocence and it turning red is significant in displaying the loss of innocence

A Case Analysis of Cirque Du Soleil

cwm Du Soleil is a company that has built its success on its ability to be productive and innovative. It has successfully developed a revolutionary market and continued to expand on that market. This makes cirque Du Soleil an example of a company that has creativity and innovation at its base. The following paper pass on focus on corrie Du Soleil as a creative and innovative company. It will consider its product and creative strategy. It will look at the structure of the company and how this enhances creativity.Fin whollyy, it will look at the threats facing cwm Du Soleil and what the company can do to ensure its ongoing success. Cirque Du Soleils product is a performing circus. The basis of the company is a orient combining medical specialty, dance, and theater. The immortalize uses acrobats, gymnasts, clowns, and other performers. The show everywherely uses a type of music found on a created language. The purpose of the music is to transcend cultural boundaries and make the show accessible to everyone. The companys show is alike multicultural in nature. It is knowing to reach the widest audience possible.This is done by utilize the music that is non based on any real language. It is also done by using performers from around the world. The company is global and shows ar performed throughout the world. Cirque Du Soleil has also expanded into other aras. This has included releasing two films and a television special. This has also included ventures in publishing and merchandising. Cirque Du Soleil also opened a permanent theater near Disneyland, Florida, in 1998, with the theater including a Cirque Du Soleil store. These expansions show that the company is diversifying in a creative way.The expansions atomic number 18 all based on ways to increase the think of of the Cirque Du Soleil show. This shows creativity, not in creating new things, but in finding new ways to benefit from the basic product of the company. The organizational structure o f Cirque Du Soleil is based on recognizing the value of the performers. The eggshell study describes the former tour chargeor Vincent Gagne stating that he always emphasized to tour staff that they were there to serve the artists. This shows that the artists are recognized as representing the value of the company.The other services then vex support services. This is not a nerve where the artists are at the top of the organizational hierarchy. However, it is a case where the artists are recognized as delivering the service that allows the organization to succeed. Gagne also suggests a good metaphor for the organizational structure, which is that of a circle. The performers can be considered as being at the center of the circle. They do not wipe out high positions or decision-making authority, however they are the basis of the organization. The support staff are in the next circle.They have greater decision-making authority, but their work is defined by their need to satisfy the performers. Several of the employees described in the case study are in this aim and they all describe their work as being focused on the performers. Gange does this when he states that the tour staff and technical people have to realize that they are there to support the artists. The casting director for Cirque Du Soleil, Cantin, describes how she looks for performers based on whether they will be able to fit in at the company.This shows that the performers are of import to the organization and to the decisions made. In the final outer layer of the circle are the upper cookment. They have the greatest decision-making authority, but they are also operating based on pleasing the performers. This structure supports creativity because it puts the creative people of the company as central to its functioning. At the akin time, the decision-making being at higher levels allows the creative people to be free to create and be innovative, without having any concerns related to how the co mpany functions.Another key part of the organizational structure is that it is informal. This is seen in the case study, where Gagnon describes the company as not having a handbook on employee conduct. It is also seen in the case study where Gagnon describes employees as being fired and then rehired. Gagnon also describes an employee newsletter where employees uncensored comments are published. These all show an informal structure and an organizational culture that is based on employee freedom and low authority over employees. Schein (2003, p. 121) notes that a culture of freedom increases employee creativity.Daft (1997, p. 325) also notes that many organizations today are becoming less formal in order to be whippy and responsive to a changing global environment. In the case of Cirque Du Soleil, the structure has always been informal and this allows it to encourage creativity and be much negotiable and capable of change. One of the key environmental challenges is related to the artists and performers. It has been noted that the artists and performers are central to Cirque Du Soleils product. This makes ensuring the good performance of the artists a key concern.There are several factors that are risks for the company. The first is that the artists may rebel against the company. The case study notes that this occurred in 1987 and 1988, when many performers rebelled over concerns that management was not doing what was best for them and that the company was not operating based on the original spirit of the group. As the company expands furthers, it seems reasonable that the performers may again feel that the company is not operating in the same spirit as before. This is especially likely to occur as the company becomes more focused on finances.This may lead to either artist rebellion again or to artists leaving the show. Another problem related to performers is the high injury rate. The case study notes that 37 injuries were listed for 57 artists three-quarter s of the way into the fall in States tour of the show Dralion. This shows an ongoing problem that has the potential to reduce the quality of the show produced. Finally, the work of the performer is demanding, with the case study noting that many performers leave because they cannot cargo hold the touring life. These problems related to the performers are critical ones for two reasons.Firstly, the performers are the basis of the companys product. Secondly, finding, hiring, and training employees is a considerable expense. This makes it crucial that Cirque Du Soleil find a way to manage employees effectively, while promoting their creativity. Another challenge that faces Cirque Du Soleil is based on one of its key success factors, which is its ability to offer a new and unique show that impresses the audience. There are two main reasons that this ability to astonish an audience may be lost. One of them is seen in the experience of the conductor at Cirque Du Soleil, Oberacker.Oberack er notes in the case study that he is not as highly impressed with the show as the audience is. He links this to his experience on Broadway and notes that he has seen more astonishing things. He also notes that the shows ability to impress is not based entirely on the artists, but on how it is presented with lights, costumes, and music all adding a larger sense of awe. There are two potential problems that this indicates. The first is that other companies may realize the success factors of Cirque Du Soleil and become direct competitors.Currently, theater companies, drama companies, Broadway shows, and operas are competitors in the entertainment market. However, they target a high social class and tend not to be accessible to the world-wide public. Cirque Du Soleil is offering a similar product, but it is targeted to a more general audience. This leaves the possibility that the competitors mentioned above will adjust their marketing strategy and become direct competitors of Cirque D u Soleil. One source notes that this is a significant problem for companies that are based on one specific product (Kotler, Armstrong, Brown, & Chandler, 1998).This is true for Cirque Du Soleil since even though they have diversified into new areas, their basic product is the performance they offer. If other companies start to compete with similar shows, Cirque Du Soleil will fall back a significant part of their market. The other problem is that audiences may become used to the show and its elements. If this occurred, the show would not create the same sense of bewilderment in an audience. This is also related to the perception of the product. Perreault and McCarthy (2000) note that a products success is not based on the product itself, but on how well it meets or exceed expectations.For the bewilderment factor to be achieved, Cirque Du Soleil need to exceed the expectations of customers. With the excellence and quality of the show is generally recognized, this leads to increasin g customer expectations. The end expiration is that Cirque Du Soleil has to constantly improve to remain impressive. To remain successful, Cirque Du Soleil has to manage creativity and continue to innovate. One change that may be required is to arrive at the emphasis off the performance requirements of the show. The case study notes that the number of shows has increased.The question this raises is how Cirque Du Soleil can continue to create new shows that will have the astonishment factor. It is suggested that this could be achieved more successfully if the company limited the number of shows produced. This would create a demand for the product. This strategy takes into account that the success of Cirque Du Soleil relies largely on its image, where the show is recognized as something astonishing and unforgettable. If this quality is lost, the entire company will be at risk. This suggests that limiting the amount of productions would be effective.It would allow artists and perform ers to compress their creativity on creating one show of the highest quality. This strategy would also be an effective way of managing performance staff. Performance staff would be heavily baffling in development and be the creative force for the new shows. With a significant amount of time available for development, performers could innovate, experiment, and develop new ideas. At the same time, their energy would be better directed into the shows because the demands would not be as high.Revenue could then be increased for Cirque Du Soleil by focusing more on merchandising and finding other ways to increase income. This focus is based on recognizing that Cirque Du Soleils reputation makes it a brand, where a brands value is not just based on a product or service, but based on a perception about the company overall (Reynolds, 2004). Cirque Du Soleil has a strong brand and could diversify by increasing the number of ways that additions are made to the brand. This would allow the com pany to continue to grow, but in a way that does not place additional demands on the basic performance product.

Jane Eyre and Class System Essay

In Brontes time, the squared-toe era, mark system still played a huge role in society. People of a certain class would often look down on population from another class. Class was something you were innate(p) into. It was almost impossible to shift from one class to another. In the novel Jane Eyre, Bronte presents a very revolutionary character in that aspect. Charlotte Bronte is critical about the class system and tries to show that by Jane Eyre.Jane Eyre is not influenced by the social class system, because she shifts between several classes, has a strong character which en equals her to ignore the traditions of the class system, and she does not judge others on their class, but rather on their character. Jane is not fixed to one class, but instead shifts between several classes. During her childhood, she is raised within the wealthy Reeds family (Bronte 1). However, she is not considered as family, because she is an orphan.She is born into the functional class and for that rea son she is ill-treated by the Reeds family (Godfrey 853). This becomes clear when John Reed addresses Jane you are a dependant, mamma says you have no money your father left you none you ought to beg, and not live with gentlemens children like us (Bronte 7). She still remains in this class position when she attends Lowood school, which is a school for orphans. At the age of eighteen, she becomes a governess at Thornfield Hall, and her position changes.Since she earns her money by teaching a pupil, her position moves upwards somewhere between the operative class and the middle class (Godfrey 857). In the rich Mr Rochester she meets her future husband, but when she discovers that he is married to another woman she runs off (Bronte 379). With almost nothing, she has to beg for sustenance which brings her position to the lower class (Bronte 431). When her uncle dies, she inherits a large amount of money, which enables her to climb up to the middle class (Bronte 500).Knowing that Mr Ro chesters wife died, she is now able to marry him since their positions are equal. Jane Eyre does not judge others on their class, but rather on their character. As is mentioned before, Jane does not belong to one particular class, but shifts between the two extremes of the class system. In the beginning Jane does not feel comfortable around superior people. This might have been a result of her childhood during which she was ill-treated. However, she quickly learns to evaluate people on their character instead of their class status.First we attain how Jane feels drawn to Bessie, the maid, who is the only one during her hard childhood who cares about her She had a capricious and hasty temper, , still such as she was, I preferred her to any one else at Gateshead Hall (Bronte 41). Later on we see how she establishes a close relationship with Helen Burns, who is a friend at Lowood, and in any case with Miss Temple, the head teacher. These examples are people from the lower or working classes. We also see that Jane criticizes Mr Brocklehurst, who belongs to a higher class, because of his wrong and hypocrite behaviour.He tells the girls at Lowood my mission is to mortify in these girls the lusts of the flesh, to teach them to clothe themselves with shamefacedness and sobriety, not with braided vibrissa and costly apparel (Bronte 86). Yet, his own wife and daughters are dressed luxurious. The most important example is of course Mr Rochester. Jane Eyre often reflects on his character, but never authentically on his class I believed he was naturally a man of better tendencies, higher principles, and purer tastes than such as circumstances had developed, education instilled, or share encouraged (Bronte 193).Her love for him is based on his character and not on his class. Jane has a strong character which enables her to ignore the traditions of the social class system. In the Victorian era, women were still considered inferior to men. At a certain point during her stay at Thornfield Hall, she expresses her opinion about this Women are supposed to be very hush generally but women feel just as man feel they need exercise for their faculties, and a field for their efforts as much as their brothers do (Bronte 146).This shows that Jane has a different view from the traditional one, namely that she thinks that women are equal to men. At a later stage in her life, when she inherits twenty thousand pounds from her uncle, she also reacts different from the traditional standards. She wants to divide the money equally with her nephew and cousins (Bronte 505). However, St John calls this contrary to all custom (Bronte 507), because normally someone from a lower class would affirm the money for himself.So Bronte shows that she has a critical view on the social class system by presenting Janes revolutionary character, and letting her break through the traditions of the class system. She is not influenced by the social class system, because instead of bei ng fixed to one class, Jane changes from one class to the other. She starts out as a working class girl being raised in a middle class environment, and shifts back and forth until she finally ends in the middle class. She also evaluates people on their character instead of their class, and her strong personality enables her to ignore the standards of the social class.

Opportunity Cost Essay

Lets start with a small introduction to the topic fortune Cost. Opportunity approach is the cost of any activity measured in harm of the value of the next best alternative forg nonpareil (that is not chosen). It is the sacrifice related to the second best choice available to whatsoeverone, or group, who has picked among several(prenominal) mutually exclusive choices. The fortune cost is also the cost (as a lost benefit) of the forgone products after making a choice.Opportunity cost is a pick out concept in economics, and has been described as expressing the basic relationship between scarcity and choice. The notion of chance cost plays a crucial naval division in ensuring that scarce resources are used efficiently. Thus, opportunity costs are not restricted to monetary or financial costs the real cost of output forgone, lost conviction, pleasure or any other benefit that provides utility should also be considered opportunity costs. Now lets look at Opportunity Cost from th e point of production.Opportunity costs may be assessed in the stopping point-making process of production. If the workers on a farm can produce either one million pounds of wheat or two million pounds of barley, then the opportunity cost of producing one pound of wheat is the two pounds of barley forgone (assuming the production possibilities barrier is linear). Firms would make rational decisions by weighing the sacrifices involved. Looking at Opportunity Cost from the point of Implicit and Explicit Cost.Implicit costs are the opportunity costs that in factors of production that a producer already owns. They are equivalent to what the factors could earn for the fuddled in alternative uses, either operated within the starchy or rent out to other firms. For example, a firm pays $300 a month all year for rent on a storage warehouse that only holds product for six months each year. The firm could rent the warehouse out for the unused six months, at any price (assuming a year-long affiance requirement), and that would be the cost that could be spent on other factors of production.Explicit costs are opportunity costs that involve direct monetary compensation by producers. The opportunity cost of the factors of production not already owned by a producer is the price that the producer has to pay for them. For instance, a firm chokes $100 on electrical power consumed, their opportunity cost is $100. The firm has sacrificed $100, which could have been spent on other factors of production. Now lets look at some real life examples from my life inorder to understand Opportunity Costs better. Opportunity Cost Examples that I myself have been across-I have only Rs 1000 to spend and I have two choices, I can eat at a nice restaurant or buy a good play bat instead. I spend my Rs 1000 on buying the cricket bat, then the opportunity cost of that choice is the delicious meal I did not choose and let go. Opportunity Cost also works in regards to sentence. Eg- I only ha ve two hours of free time. I could either go to a movie or meet a friend of mine. I choose to spend my time at the movie, the opportunity cost of this decision is the time I could have spent enjoying the company of my friend.Heres another example- When for the first time I decided to invest my saved money guile with me. I had two options that I could do with the money I had. My first choice was either investing in Mutual Funds or get by the money in a Savings Account that earns only 5% per year. I invested in Mutual Funds and it returned 10%, here Ive benefited from my decision because the alternative would have been less profitable. However, if the Mutual Fund would have returned only 2% when I could have had 5% from the Savings Account, then my opportunity cost would have been (5% 2% = 3%).To summarize Opportunity Cost, scarcity creates choice, and every choice has value to us. That value can be looked at in terms of benefits and in terms of cost. Value is not always measured i n financial terms but sometimes measured in terms of time or enjoyment. The opportunity cost of a choice is what must be given up in order to take an opportunity. Its not the opportunity we chose, but the value of the next best alternative we didnt choose. Every major choice has an opportunity cost.

Life of the Female Pioneer on the Oregon Trail

Life of the Female initiate on the Oregon tail University Of Phoenix HIS/110 August 25, 2012 Kim Murphy Life of the Female Pioneer on the Oregon Trail My life as a female pioneer taking the journey gloomy the Oregon Trail was one of ill luck and adventure. During the early 1800s settlers began to explore new territory in the New World looking for new opportunities. Through the pioneer journeys of Lewis and Clark a route through the States was discovered that would take settlers to new land in the Pacific Northwest portion of the country. To die the new land pioneers, such as I, had to kick the bucket down what became known as the Oregon Trail.Through the Oregon Trail the expansion of the West began but to get to this new part of the country I would have to travel two thousand miles along with former(a) pioneers from my part of the country. We started in Missouri that required us to travel through five states to reach our new destination. To reach the new land offered to myself and the another(prenominal) pioneers in the New World, we would travel in large groups with people in heartss and on horseback. This was to help ensure our safety as we traveled the Oregon Trail to the new land in the West.Our travels included men, women, and children of all ages. Although I make the choice to go myself, there were many women on the race counselling that had to face the hardships of the long trail because their husbands had chosen to take this adventure. This was difficult for many of them because they were forced to leave their already established homes in exchange for the hardships of the trail and an uncertain future in the Pacific Northwest. To travel down the Oregon Trail, we travelled in horse drawn wagons and had oxens pulling carts of supplies.I standardized other pioneer families left my home with my worldly possessions that I could afford to carry. We faced being robbed at gunpoint by highway men on the trail. Another danger faced by the female pioneer s and the wagon train were attacks by Native the Statesns. The Wagon Trains were attacked and burned and the men were killed leaving the women, children, and wagon supplies to be stolen by the Indians. Women were forced to become the slave of an Indian family or the wife of an Indian brave while the children were adopted by Indian families or made to be slaves.I and the other women were responsible for ensuring the feed supply lasted on the long journey as wellhead as packing the wagon. We were also responsible for planning the meals on the Oregon Trail. We were required to wear long dresses with long sleeves in oppressive heat and care for all of the needs of the men and children as well as tend to the sick. There was a major risk to the female pioneer of losing our husbands or even our children to illness or accidents along the Oregon Trail. If the food supply ran short the men would hunt for food, use supplies meant for our new homes, or die of starvation.Illnesses, such as Ty phoid and cholera, were common and would spread through the wagon trains creating to a greater extent work for us women (Bledsoe, 1984). The overworked women would in turn become more vulnerable to becoming sick and perishing. Women who gave birth while on the Oregon Trail faced vast difficulty and in many cases the female pioneer or the new born would die. Women pioneers were usually fairly young because women during this time conjoin as young as 14 but quickly toughened up because of the major responsibilities we faced on the trail.Despite the many hardships faced by myself and the other female pioneers, we helped to pave the way for future generations of Americans and bravely traveled to an unknown land to build a new life. The Oregon territory was originally conjointly owned by American and the British but was acquired by America in 1846 and expanded the territory of the United States (Eddin, 2009). Before Oregon was acquired by America the area was sparsely populated and the s ingle woman, such as I, had little opportunity to find a husband. In most cases we would marry a bring forth hand or the closest neighbor.Marriages were rarely based on love but instead of convenience and the benefit to the family. A large majority of pioneers became farmers make the pioneer women a farming wife but also required her to deal with the harsh winters that were associated with the area and adjust to a life of constant isolation. at a time American acquired the Oregon territory the population began to expand and the pioneer families were offered more opportunity as well as single women, such as I, had more opportunity to meet potential husbands.New towns and cities began to emerge and we women were no longer forced to sew our own clothes. It also provided a more convenient and affordable way for us to buy food than in the past. Once the population began to grow in Oregon the society became more modernized and life for I and the other pioneer women became less harsh. R eferences Bledsoe, L. (1984). Adventuresome Women on the Oregon Trail 1840-186. http//www. jstor. org/discover/10. 2307/3346237? uid=3739256&uid=2129&uid Eddin, O. (2009). The Oregon Country and Westward Expansion. http//www. thefurtrapper. com/oregon_country. htm

Related Text Analysis

1 Into the Wild shows a man who journeys through the country in order to find peace and go bading. Christopher McCandless or Alexander Supertramp was a man who wished not to conform to the appearance society was governed, he did no penury to be sucked into the depths of technology which has consumed the minds of many an(prenominal) people. He only(prenominal) wished to live simply as one would buzz off one thousand years ago. Into the senile powerfully relates to the concept of belonging in many ways. In May 1990 McCandless graduates from Emory University with high honors.Instead of doing joining the workforce and being ruled by a world fill with laws he chooses to leave the world he has always know and been affiliated to start a bran- reinvigorated adventure. He does not tell anybody of his departure, as he wants to take this journey alone. Chris finds happiness and belonging when he reaches the Alaskan wilderness, it consists of no civilization or even signs of civilizati on obscure from the abandon bus that he finds refuge in. The learn shows that although McCandless is greeted by society with open arms, a life that would have been very tempting, he chooses not to conform to the way everyone else lives.Rubric A sentiency of belonging can emerge from the connections made with people, places, groups, communities and the larger world. On McCandlesss journey he comes into to contact with many different types of people and communities, from hippies to his fashion plate worker at a fast food restaurant. He finds many different characters, who have only found their place to belong in society, they have merged to form groups, all with their own ethics and beliefs. Many of these places suit Chriss lifestyle but he still chooses to venture alone, as he is still un equal to(p) to find the place where he really feels at home.He meets new people all the time who give him valuable knowledge on life. One occasion in particular is when McCandless sees Ron Fra nz, a retired man who served in the United States army. McCandless lives with Ron for a while and Ron teaches him the craft of leatherwork. The pair ar different in many ways but somehow formed a very strong bond between each other to the point where Ron offers to adopt him as a grandchild. This shows that a strong sense of belonging emerged through the relationship formed by McCandless and Ron.Another estimate nigh belonging is that even people that are strongly connected to each other often have very different perspectives on belonging. This is seen through McCandless and his father. McCandless doesnt feel that he belongs when is father makes the decisions for him and tells him what to survive and drive, this creates fear of being judged, he also doesnt like developing new relationships with people, he does however over come these when he lives out in the wild, meeting new people along the way. Sean Penn uses many film techniques and language features to help create ideas abo ut belonging. Penn makes it clear that McCandless does not feel that he belongs in the city when he first arrives. It is shown to be a congested, loud and unnatural place. In the first minute after he hops off the point he finds himself having to crawl on his hands and knees under train carriages and drainage pipes. He later decides to walk down the streets late at night, You are able to hear sirens blaring, the streets are also very dirty with rubbish everywhere.Penn used these scenes as a way of representing cities as being dirty and congested, with no elbow room for freedom. This is compared to the Alaskan wilderness that McCandless in conclusion discovers. These scenes are done with many extreme long shots of the nature that surrounds McCandless. One significant example of these is when he stands up on the abandon bus that he had just discovered and yell is there anybody out here? as loud as he can. This emphasizes the fact that he has found a place where he can live with pe ace and freedom, he had found a place to belong.Another technique used in this film is the narration of Chriss sister. Through out the movie we are shown how Chris feels and how he win overs, but with the narration from his sister it shows us how everyone else is feeling. It shows us what effects of Chris leaving has had on the family. The final technique, probably the most important one, is the use of flashbacks. Penn begins the film with McCandless finally reaching Alaska after his journey across the country comes to and end.The idea that somebodies perspective on belonging can be shaped through new relationships and events is shown though this technique. Every flashback shows McCandless either coming across new characters, new places or experiencing new things. These all shape McCandlesss perspective on belonging. An example of this is when McCandless is talking to Ron after they had just walked up the steep, rocky hill. Ron tell Chris that he will girl him when he has gone, bu t Chris just replies saying that you are wrong if you think that the joy of life comes principally from the joy of human relationships. Ron then gives Chris very omniscient words stating, When you forgive, you love. And when you love, Gods light shines through you. McCandless has many other encounters with people who also teach him valuable lessons in life, and by the end of the film, McCandless is left realising that happiness is only real when shared rather than thinking that the only way to be happy was to be isolated and alienated from the materialistic society. 3 Many new ideas about belonging have aroused from Into the Wild.It is often very hard to find a place to belong, as is the case with McCandless, he meets many different groups and communities but can never find a place where he feels he actually belongs. Belonging isnt necessarily being apart of a community that shares similar beliefs and ethics, someone may actually find that they belong when they are by themselves or/and indulged in the serenity of nature. Society is built up of laws and rules, meaning the only way to belong are to conform and respect those rules even if you do not entirely think they are right.McCandless finally has enough of obeying the rules that are set out to keep everyone in line. Another key point that is brought through Into the wild is that peoples perspective of belonging can change due to certain events, when McCandless first decides to leave his old life behind him he had no intentions of forming friendships with other people, all he wanted to do was plump absent from society. Over time he began to change his view on society and realized that being alone and isolated isnt actually what he wanted.But that happiness is only real when shared, so this is basically saying that he finally understood that he didnt want to be locked away from the world and that he was only really happy when he helped make his friends happy. 4 Into the Wild can relate to The Crucible t hrough the ideas established about belonging. Chris McCandless can be looked at along side John Proctor in the way that they twain choose not to conform to society and both their lives are cut shot due to this.McCandless does not wish to live as everyone else does, he does not want to be a clone to society, all he wants if freedom to do what he wants but his life comes to an early end due to this because he preferred to live in the Alaskan wild instead of living in a stable environment at the comfort of his own bed. Proctor was also a wise, ethical man up to now he did not completely agree with the way things were being run in Salem. He could have very easily taken the easy way out and conform to the Ministrys orders to save his life but he instead chooses to do what he knows is right.Another way that these two texts relate is through the idea that ones perspective one belonging can be created and/or changed due to certain events. Chris begins his journey believing the only way he can belong and be happy is to be secluded from the world around him, living disconnected from people in the wild life. But after his many encounter with people he slowly beginning to realise that he can only be happy when helping to create happiness for others. This is similar to sound in The Crucible.The story begins with him who believes that the church is always ethical and correct. The church is like his home to him, it is where he belongs. As the story progresses he begins to realise that make up ones mind is happening is wrong and yet due to the power of the ministry he has no way to prevent the events that unfold. This drastically changes his perspective on the church and the faith he has believed in for so long, he realises that maybe after all, the church is not where he belongs. Nick Slaven

Gilgamed vs Aeneid Essay

The developing of the Highway to Hell in Classical Mythology Mythology, by denotation, is a traditional tale, especi on the wholey genius concerning the previous(predicate) history of a people or explaining some natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving spectral beings or events. Myths are an entity that evolve by dint of time and through the ever-changing of culture in dress to tailor to the people telling the story as such, we often overhear a series of several(predicate) versions develop reflecting a relatively similar story. In this paper, the similarities and differences of the repre moveation of the blaze in The epic of Gilgamesh and Virgils Aeneis go out be analyzed and applied to the culture of the authors. We read these myths molar concentrations of years after they were written in order to gain an understanding of the worlds past, analyze the minds of our progenitors, and ponder the mystery of human origins. In abridgment, The Epic of Gilgamesh, tel ls the four thousand year old Mesopotamian tale of Gilgamesh, the fifth King of Uruk and demigod. In this myth, the story begins with Gilgamesh and his former enemy and current best booster dose Enkidu. Together, they kill the Bull of Heaven, a deity sent in revenge by the goddess Ishtar to destroy their crops.When Enkidu kills the bull, he angers the gods, prompting them to kill Gilgameshs closest friend in retri andion. After this traumatic event, Gilgamesh slips in to a state of infatuation with the meats of life and remnant. Searching for the meaning of life and a path to eternal life, he sets off on a quest to capture a man who lives in the infernal region and is called Utnapishtim Gilgamesh believes him to be a mortal man who survived a broad flood and was rewarded with undyingity. On his quest to arrive in the Underworld, Gilgamesh encounters Siduri the barmaid at the edge of the sea, Urshanabi the boatman of the Underworld, and finally Utnapishtim the immortal keeper of the Underworld. Upon meeting Utnapishtim, Gilgamesh coaxes him into revealing the secret to immortality a flower at the bottom of the sea. This digest will be focused on Tablet X. The second major work included in this analysis is the Roman, Virgils The Aeneid, Book VI. In synopsis, this myth tells the story of Aeneas after the Trojan War and his quest to consort his people. The preluding chapters of The Aeneid describe Aeneass adventures after the fall of Troy and in the Underworld portion of the myth, Aeneas seeks the Underworld in order to obtain the advice of his late male parent. In the Underworld, not only does Aeneas meet his father but as well his former lover.Virgils The Aeneid and The Epic of Gilgamesh both portray two heroes on an adventure mission to the Underworld to avenge the past and discover the future however there are stark differences in these externally similar myths. Initially, when comparing these two stories, whiz must catch the context from which th ey come. Virgils epic verse is one which draws on the Roman culture and was written between 29 and 19 BC era in contrast, The Epic of Gilgamesh is one of the oldest known works of literature and is centered around the Mesopotamian culture of the importantly senior 2000 BC. Noting this substantial gap in not only geography, but also the time mold is important as we continue in our analysis of these two works. The Romans show in The Aeneid held clear beliefs that one who led a good life would reap the benefits in the afterlife whereas the Mesopotamians ancient culture seems to realize left their ideas starkly vacant towards the concept of death and the afterlife. When Gilgamesh arrived at the first ingress of the Underworld, he met the barmaid Siduri in her tavern at the edge of the sea. She said to him the sideline There has never been a ferry of every kind, Gilgamesh, and nobody from time immemorial has crossed the sea (Tablet X, p. 433). In a very similar flair to The Epic of Gilgamesh, the Sibyl, The Aeneids fortune-telling equivalent of Siduri, also meets Aeneas at the edge of the Sea of Death and tells him, All nights, all days too, dark Diss portals lie open. But to recall those steps, to escape to the fresh air above you, There lies the challenge, the labor A few have succeeded (Aeneid, Book 6, line 128-130). After this warning, she gives Aeneas somewhat cryptical instructions on how to collect a golden branch which, if fate allows, will grant him rise to power to the Underworld. In juxtaposing these two quotes from these scenes of the myths, we can get a sense of the archetypes and ideals behind the people who wrote them. As depicted in the quote from The Epic of Gilgamesh, it comes to light that not only does Gilgamesh not know what to expect from the Underworld and the afterlife, but also Siduri doesnt quite have a tangible notion of what should happen to somebody who passes into the underworld and is not dead.In contrast, the apparently mo re experienced Sibyl tells Aeneid that it will not be easy, but makes this task sound much more feasible. She has exact instructions for him and quite simply, leaves the verdict of his eligibility to fate. Through this similitude we can begin to notice some of the culture of the respectivetimes which permeates these myths. Gilgameshs tale is older and the author was writing from a decidedly more undeveloped mythological perspective for the people of The Epic of Gilgameshs time, death was undefined and impalpable. However, for the people living in the time in which Virgil was writing, death, although intimidating, was something that one who did not commit sins, did not need to fear. Looking a bit more in depth, we can see that these myths give us a glimpse in to the minds of the people who lived in the time in which they were written. In The Aeneid, Aeneas goes to the Underworld to seek counsel from the deceased whereas in contrast, Gilgamesh goes as part of a quest to eventually a void the underworld in immortality. We can see a complete lack of fear of death written through the words of Virgil when Aeneid addresses his deceased father in line 698, Father, give me your hand bemuse it, dont pull away as I hug and embrace you Waves of tears swear out over his cheeks as he spoke in frustration Three attempts made to encircle his fathers neck with his outstretched arms yielded three utter failures. Through this quote, it becomes apparent to us that Aeneid feels no fear for the dead he feels simply frustration at the fact that he cant embrace his father. In blunt contrast, in The Epic of Gilgamesh when the Underworld and death is described, it is described as the following Nobody sees Death, nobody sees the face of Death, nobody hears the voice of Death, Savage Death just cuts mankind run through (pg 435). This description from the older of the two works lacks the sense of knowing and fate that is seen as a reoccurring radix in The Aeneid it is an undefined my stery that still has not been conquered. In this ancient text, we are reintroduced to the idea of Gilgamesh fearing the after-life, verses Aeneas confront it and accepting a fate which has been predetermined. In the end, the Underworld experiences of Aeneas and Gilgamesh each bring forth experiences which are similar, to that extent are each one is molded in its own way to produce something that reflects their corresponding cultures. some(prenominal) plotlines tell the account of a demigod hero with a god-invoked tragic past and their path to a quasi-interchangeable Underworld as a means of catharsis. Considering that these two myths, having been from as much as a thousand years apart and two different regions of the world, have so many striking plot similarities, one must marvel at the power of the story passed through the generations. Myths have survived the test of time and changing cultures to create the myriad ofmemoirs that we still enjoy in the modern age. These myths, alth ough no dourer something that we typically consider a part of modern religion, allow us a peek into the past. The history of our development through anthropologic changes and our perpetually morphing understandings of the meaning of life is preserved in the mythological collections of our earliest predecessors. The perspective offered in determinate mythology offers us a sense of the concept of life and death as it was viewed by those who lived so long ago.

Competition Bikes Inc. Storyline Essay

Introduction contestation Bikes Inc. is considering an expansion to Canada and is trying to determine whether to merge with or acquire the Canadian Biking Inc. facility. We take a look in this compendious at superior structure approaches, shekels subject Value and Internal Rate of Return and the concerns surrounding that. contestation Bikes running(a) outstanding is discussed and finally an compendium on if the conjunction should merge or acquire Canadian Biking Inc.Capital Structure ApproachA1. This summary provides a report and recommendation of a working capital structure that maximizes sh areholder return. Capital Structure is how sound a ac confederation finances its assets, operations and growth using short and presbyopic term debt, and car park and preferred equities. Overall, more than equity and little debt attracts investors. Equity is either joint line of productss, or preferred stocks. arguing Bikes Inc. is looking to expand to Canada. To expand, the com pany must bedevil the most appropriate capital structure non only to be able to pay off debts, have an acceptable return on enthronisation, and append cash flow, but to have the appropriate funding to expand and for prox stability and growth. Currently contest Bikes has workings(a) capital, long term n wholenesss collectible, greenness and preferred stocks, and retained earnings. We depart use Earnings per percent (EPS) from the table under to make a recommendation as to what approach the company should use. This is what investors look into as well. on that point are basketball team capital structure approaches contest Bikes toilet take to gene count the capital carryd for the expansion. The table below shows the calculated EPS for each structure which is discussed afterward.9% Bonds Only. Bonds are risky because they require a fixed amuse payment that could negatively affect shareowner earnings if sales projections are non as anticipated. Payments are typica lly made semi-annually which decreases the companys income. This is regarded as a debt, non equity which takes more duration to realize benefits. This election yields the utmostest involution and lowers disputation Bikes Income before Tax (EBT). The cocksure to this pickaxe is that bonds are debt financing and therefore value deductible. In some smaller companies this is less high-ticket(prenominal) that using equity to finance debts. rivalry Bikes does not fall into this category really because it is un realizen if mesh forget change magnitude or dividends will be diluted in future years. Future monies clear will be use to pay off the debts and not be reinvested into the company as impertinent earnings. Using mode roll expected earnings before interest and taxes amounts (EBIT), the EPS for stockholders all over 5 years with this option is .103. The lower EPS is means less everyday stock shares outstanding, less equity, and fewer dividends. The risk is higher in t his option as highly leveraged companies slope to have difficulties with cash flow.50% best-loved Stock and 50% Common Stock. In this option the investors fundthe expansion. contestation Bikes equity is used sort of than debts to finance growth into Canada. Investors have more of an invested interest in the company and Competition Bikes has less debt to income ratio. Preferred stockholders will earn dividend payouts on a regular basis while the Board of Directors determines if common stockholders possess dividends. Preferred stockholders also tend to hold on to their stocks longer preventing a declined value in them. on that point is no interest to pay back in this option therefore, all EBIT are retained. The EPS for this option over 5 years is .203, one of the highest devil in this analysis. Investors will see an immediate return on investment beginning in year 9. This option yields the highest net income and preferred stock dividends. On a negative note, this option can be a lengthy process consuming time resources.20% in 9% Bonds and 80% in Common Stock. The 20/80 option mix of bonds and common stock is a better option that 100% bonds. This option uses both(prenominal) debt and investors to fund the expansion and allows Competition Bikes to endow less dividends if it so chooses. The debt to income ratio remains small here and interest low as only 20% is being used as debt. Over 5 years this option yields .197 EPS which is the rigorous to the 50% preferred and common stock. There is more risk here as debts must be salaried back on a strict schedule, regardless of income. However, EBT is higher and the total income available for common stock increases.40% in 9% Bonds and 60% Common Stock. Like the previous option, this option uses both debt and investors to fund the expansion. While having 60% in common stock still keeps the company from forced dividend payouts, its not as safe as 20/80 option. The split in bonds and common stocks keeps interest lo w. Not as low as the 20/80 option, but not as high as the 60/40 option. The same holds true for available income. There is more available for common stock than 100% bonds. The EPS for this option is .182 because of the number of outstanding shares is higher than the 20/80 option.60% in 9% Bonds and 40% in Common Stock. In this option, there is debt just as there is in the first option. The increase in interest (12%) causes less equity and fewer dividends. The income available for common stock is the lowin this option. Its also important to note that Competition Bikes had declining sales the past two years. It is unknown if they will have enough sales to forgather their interest payments on time and proceed care as usual. The EPS over 5 years with this option is .16, the second lowest.Recommendation. Capital structure as we can see can be tricky. It is the best balance of debt and equity to maximize returns, EPS. Excluding the 60/40 option, all the options show continued growth th rough the years. However, 50% common and preferred stock option yields the stronger EPS at .203 and is therefore the recommendation for Competition Bikes. The continued strength and growth in this option will maximize shareholder return, and yield addition dividends to investors with less risk. The increased EBIT will be retained in the company. The goals of this analysis were to ensure the highest EPS place shareholders satisfied while building strong net income in the business. The large equity versus debt in the 50% Common Stock and 50% Preferred Stock accomplishes that. This option is recommended for Competition Bikes to improve the companys financial position. The alternate capital structure would be the 20/80 option.Net Present Value and Internal Rate of ReturnA2. In this summary we discuss the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) systems in regards to the proposed investment. These areas determine if the investment is worth pathetic forward with the merger or acquisition without financially harming the company. The Capital Budget income statements were reviewed to make the following intents.NPV. This method appraises investments. The calculation for NPV is the investments total net cash flows minus initial constitutes. If the result is positive then the investment should be accepted. Negative results should be rejected. The NPV indicates the investments value, or profitability.IRR. This method is more often used to make investment decisions with companies. The IRR calculation is the discount rate of interest that decreases the assets net dedicate value to the greet of the investment, orback to zero. This is the true economic return earned. The IRR should be equal to or greater than the cost of the capital, or hurdle rate, to accept the investment. Competition Bikes requires a 10% hurdle rate to pursue the investment. mooer results should reject the investment. Growth is considered in this method. The IRR is the efficiency and yield of an investment.Competition Bikes Inc. has provided the following louver year projection on NPV and IRR. This is provided in both the low demand and moderate demand scenarios.Concerns for NPV Low Demand. After investing $600,000 in this scenario, the total present value of $573,260 yield a negative $26,740 NPV. Although this does not mean the company will lost money in this scenario, it does mean they will not satisfy their self-set 10% hurdle rate. Growth in sales is set at 49,000 or six units except not enough to increase to a positive NPV in five years. This is an indication the company should not move forward with the expansion as investors will most likely not want for the cost of capital to be realized. The global economy is also at a low point which give Competition an even higher risk of not making its even low demand toughie sales expectations.Concerns for NPV Moderate Demand. After investing $600,000 in the moderate scenario, the total present value is $6 02,243 block a NPV of $2,243. While this is a positive number, it is not a high one so the company would have to decide if projections were more accurate in the moderate demand, or low. If Competition Bikes does not meet its projections by any margin, this NPV will move into a negative status. In addition the declined economy,Competition Bikes has been over predicting sales in recent years. If the company follows this same pattern, the numbers in this scenario could be off.Concerns for IRR Low Demand. The rate of return for this scenario is 8.7%, 1.3% lower than Competition Bikes 10% threshold. This indicates the project will not be funded or profitable, focusing investors a personal manner from investing.Concerns for IRR Moderate Demand. The rate of return for this scenario is 10.1%. Although it is above Competition Bikes set limit for moving forward, it scarcely meets the minimum. With the trade in a down swing, its best to look at the low demand instead than moderate at t his point. Having the moderate barely meet the 10% should raise concern for the company. Investors may not want to spend money for a venture that is marginally acceptable.Not recommended. From the summaries above on the NPV and IRR, it is not recommended that Competition Bikes move into the Canadian market at this time. There is a possibility that the expansion would be a success, but the risks are too high. The 10% rate of return is not only rarely met in these scenarios, that threshold may be a little low too. Expansion into another expanse with additional building planned is much riskier than just an internal investment due to economic and restrictive issues. The cash flows used to create these scenarios are not exact either. Competition Bikes would need to leave itself a little more room for cash flow fluctuation. Although they will be spending more on advertising in the first year, it is unknown if it will increase sales. The expansion is something that could be reconsidered after the economy bounces back. running(a) Capital for Canadian ExpansionA3. (1) Obtain Working Capital. Working capital is Assets minus Liabilities and can be obtained by several avenues. Competition Bikes will have to build working capital to pay the expansion. Below are some of the avenues the company can use to acquire working capital.Debt financing. One time transaction bank loans is debt financing and usually comes with a higher closing cost. Loans can also be obtained through government loans such as the Small Business Administration. These type of loans can be long or short term but general hold high interest rates. SBA loans general have terms less restrictive than those at the bank because they are services through the loan guarantor, not the lender. Avoiding using outside monies to fund a project is optimal assuming a favorable cost/ benefit ratio.Revolving Credit. Credit can be used continuously to fund multiple projects. Lines of address tend to have lower payments t han bank loans. Lines of credit can be used as working capital when appropriate. Interest is paid here and monthly payments cannot be missed or the companys credit rating is at risk.Liquidating Assets. Companies can sell unnecessary assets such as structures or buildings, land, machinery, etc. Competition Bikes can sell its excess parts.Equity Financing. Offering preferred and common stock is a way to obtain working capital without going further into debt. Maximizing shareholder returns will raise silver for the company. Stocks will dilute ownership in the company but make the expansion possible without the panic of debt. profit Sales. Managing already existing finances such as paying off debts, increasing sales and capacity, investing in marketing and advertising, lowering production costs and growing the business can increase working capital. Retained earnings can be reinvested as working capital as well.Lending. Working capital can be obtained from selling accounts receivable o r increasing their accounts receivable collections system. Loaning more money with longer terms or reducing fixed and variable costs can also increase working capital.A3. (2) Manage Working Capital. Managing or preserving working capital isdone by budgeting, reinvestments, managing accounts payable and receivable, and inventory and asset management. There are other ways to manage or preserve working capital but these are discussed here.Budgeting. Competition Bikes can maintain its working capital by budgeting properly. irresponsible costs and managing debt and assets will maintain cash flow. The balance sheets showed errors and ambiguous spending. Good record keeping is essential to know where money is going and where its coming from. The company can improve their debt management to know where costs can be cut. Paying debts on time will decrease interest paid and worthy record keeping can help know when the debts are due.Reinvesting. The company can reinvest working capital to pres erve it. The 50% common stock and 50% preferred stock structure mentioned former will help the company manage working capital. This option yields the highest earnings per share building capital.Increase Accounts Receivable Interest and Discounts. Competition Bikes currently invoices at net/30 days. This should be reviewed and shortened to less than 20 days. Discounts should not be offered in excess and should be careful managed. Smart cost direct maximizes cash flow. Accounts payable credit terms can be negotiated with suppliers as well. This may decrease interest and help maintain working capital.Inventory/ Asset Management. In addition to an acceptable record keeping system, inventory control can help the company in knowing whats on hand, whats incoming and outgoing. This can help determine what assets can be liquidated and used as working capital.A3. (3) demand vs. Buy. Deciding whether to lease or buy is a way to manage or preserve working capital. Competition Bikes needs to know which the better option to preserve their working capital is. The assessment below discusses the options.Lease. The lease for Competition Bikes would be a 5 year lease with fixedmonthly payments. There is a $50,000 buyout option at the end of the lease and no tax deductions are offered. There is a 6% interest rate on leasing the facility. The company would not be locked into keeping the building after the 5 years. Leasing would yield a lower NPV than acquire the facility and sustains working capital.Buy. If Competition Bikes chooses to purchase the Canadian facility, it would increase debt and still have fixed monthly payments. However, they would be able to take advantage of tax deductions. There is also a 6% interest rate in this option. Some esteems in purchasing are the depreciation of the facility, the down payment, and the maintenance upkeep. Purchasing the facility requires a $50,000 down payment which results in lower monthly payments than leasing.Recommendation. Leas ing seems to make the most financial sense for Competition Bikes in this scenario. Investing the $50,000 into the company to build revenue and manage working capital is a smarter decision than spending it on a down payment. This option will produce less debt and less risk of bad credit. Given that future growth is unknown, it is better to lease for five years and determine at that time how to expand establish on how the market is doing at that time. There is lower inherent risk in leasing and better receive of increased returns. The overall lease payments will be less than purchasing so the company should lease, valuate after 5 years, and look into the option to buy at that time.Merger or AcquisitionA4. Competition Bikes must consider to merge with or acquire Canadian Bikes Inc. If the company does nothing, it could be faced with market competition that slides the company under. Below we look into the options, the consequences, positives and negatives of each. A final recommendati on is made for Competition Bikes ground on all information thus far.Merger. In a merger, the two companies would combine. Competition Bikes is a big company with 975,000 shares of common stock versus Canadian Bikings200,000. Currently the earnings per share for Competition Bikes is .032 and Canadian Biking is at .121. If the companies merge, their earnings per share would increase to .053, an increase for Competition Bikes. In a merger, the acquiring company uses its own securities in exchange for the merged companys so it will dilute shareholder equity. However, since the exchange would be 31 basis, this would result in 65% increase for Competition Bikes, holding as a positive for the company. Both companies have expected continued growth over the beside five years becoming a stronger competitor. A Merger would mean increased technology, customer base, and pre-established business departments. The merge will also come with more employees and possible duplication of duties making layoffs inevitable.Acquisition. In an acquisition, one company (in this case Competition Bikes) will take ownership of the target company (Canadian Biking). Canadian Biking Inc. will no longer exist and stocks for Competition Bikes Inc. will continue, expecting a return on investment. Competition Bikes is religious offering shares at 1.43, 30% premium over their current stock of 1.10. The projected cash flow does not meet the 10% hurdle rate Competition Bikes requires for investments. With an offer price of $286,000 and present value of $212,138, that would leave a negative NPV of $73,862. This will not leave the company with a return on investment. Since Competition Bikes has had decreased sales in the past few years, acquisition is riskier than a merger. In an acquisition Competition Bikes would acquire all of the patents and copyrights from Canadian Biking.ConclusionCompetition Bikes Inc. is considering a Canadian expansion and is faced with the determination whether to merge w ith or acquire the Canadian Biking Inc. facility. We have analyzed the source and management of working capital to help the company in the decision to merge with Canadian Biking, Inc. or to acquire the company. After consideration of the items discussed, it is recommended that Competition Bikes merge with Canadian Biking Inc. The monies required to merge with Canadian Biking Inc. should come from 50% preferred and 50% common stock. The growth of the merged company yields moreprojected cash flow over five years than if Competition Bikes simply acquires Canadian Biking Inc.

American Jewry Order nov 3

In the United States around 1992, American Jewry came into a process of reformation directing toward a consolidation of the Council of Judaic Federations, the United Judaic Appeal, and the United Israel Appeal into the new broad-based organization that could speak in the name of American Jewry in new ways ( Elazar, http//www. jcpa. org/dje/articles3/rwjintro. htm). Travel and communications advances facilitated the increasing solidity of the Jewish race crosswise the humans.With the progress noted, more and more of its volume have connections through egress the Jewish world, or at least(prenominal) across long distances within in it. Gradually more individual Jews, their families and communities relied upon resources in other communities, in the form of religious guidance from Israel or whether it is just for encouragement from the American Jewish experience as measures of intensifying Jewish identity. Even with the overabundance of organizations and organizational activities, a majority of the Jewry seem to be incognizant of them.For virtually Jews, familiarity of their area partnership involvements is all they know about organised Jewish life, if that. Nevertheless, an institutional structure has developed and a network of connection more or less involving most of the existing organizations and institutions has been progressing. The Jewish people now have a superior prospect to uphold unity than it has had since the destruction of the inaugural Temple in 586 BCE. Up to this day, American Jewry remains the primary pioneer in the advancement of world formula.They are committed to nation-building, the development of Israel, relief and rescue of Jewish communities in need, fighting anti-semitism, representing collective Jewish interests in world affairs, mobilization of leadership and activists to undertake these and other functions, governance functions in the world Jewish polity, assuring that there are appropriate bodies for the carrying on of the functions, raising funds to cover the costs of these functions, relapse of the organizations and institutions handling the functions, developing appropriate inter-organizational relations both among the authorities that comprise the world Jewish polity and the local, countrywide, regional, and worldwide arenas (Bubis). The National Jewish Population Survey (NJPS) 2000-01, a $6 zillion study carried out by The United Jewish Communities, is said to provide the most all-inclusive, trustworthy picture of American Jewry to date. Records confront that there are 5. 2 million American Jews. This is 5 pct less than the 5. 5 million counted in the 1990 population study. There 4. 3 million American Jews attend Passover seders and light Chanukah candles.This figure in addition takes account of those more Jewishly devoted families who maintain kosher homes, regularly join synagogue meetings, enrolled Jewish schools and go to at least one Jewish society. The percentage of intermarriage is g rowing, but at a horse barn rate, with 47 percent of todays Jewish newlyweds marrying non-Jews. The mean Jewish age is 42, in contrast to 35 for Americans in general, and the birthrate was 1. 8, lower than the 1. 9 rate for American women generally. The picture of American Jewry highlighted by the study is multifaceted. On the one hand, the American Jewish population is aging and shrinking, as the birthrate is falling and intermarriage is rising, and most Jews do not take on communal or religious pursuits.On the other hand, a coarse majority of American Jews attend a Passover seder and celebrate Chanukah and Jewish education is booming. Jews are more slopped than Americans generally. More 33 percent of Jewish households report an annual income of $75,000 or higher, compared to just 18 percent of U. S. households. The median Jewish household income is $54,000, compared to $42,000 for Americans generally. Speaking about affluence, the worlds richest Jew is Steve Ballmer, a Detroit-b orn son of a Jewish mother, 43 years old, whose worth is an estimated $25 billion. Steve Ballmer was selected president and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corp.on January 13, 2000. In his position as president and CEO, Ballmer is oversees the entire management of Microsoft. It has been said that the outside terrorization, such as pogroms, coped with by Jews over the centuries act as unifying power. Jews needed each other in order to brave out in a Jew-hating world. In line with this idea, the elimination of those external threats has become a factor to assimilation. The more accepting the non-Jewish world has become of Jews, the less Jews have felt they need other Jews and the Jewish community for support and the more Jews have become open to giving up their Jewish ways in an effort to blend with the world around them.Thus, the cost of Jewish backing exceeded the value of Jewish living for many 20th century American Jews. While Jewish community efforts to lower costs and ch ange magnitude value have attempted to tip the scales in the other direction, combating the integration of Jews in America, the Land of Opportunty, has been a harsh struggle to win. In an effort to assimilate and minimize threat, the American Jewry of late has developed a system of beliefs wherein it has become a community characterized with an exclusive and normalized behavior that is attributable to a particular people and that is expressed through certain images, symbols, rituals, myths, and other kinds of stories.There developed a sense of pluralism which is defined in their circumstance having the conviction that more than one religion can instruct truths. To put it strongly, religious pluralism maintains that no specific religion can assert total certainty to teach absolute truth. Within the Jewish population, there is a collective history, a shared expression of prayer and study, a shared Bible and a shared set of rabbinic literature, consequently often providing for Jews o f considerably diverse worldviews to nevertheless identify some(prenominal) level of common ideals and purposes. Reference 1. Bubis,Gerald B. The Costs of Jewish Involvements and barriers. http. //Judaism. about. com. 2. Elazar, Daniel E. Jerusalem Center for Public AffairsI. http//www. jcpa. org/dje/articles2/futureamerjewry. htm.

Fifth Element of Game Theory Essay

As individually of the competing companies watch richly study the moves made by the others in the same industry they all belong to, they sometimes end up deciding to just do the best they can to win the biggest sh be in the market without spending more time focusing of the others. This direction, when taken by the industry players, results to the occurrence of Nash counterweight. (Economics eleventh Edition by Richard G. Lipsey & Paul N. Courant, UK HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996)The above graph illustrates the Nash equilibrium and the optimum result that it leads to (Osborne, An Introduction to back up Theory). As opposed to how badly things may end up for the competing players, Nash equilibrium brings in profitable results for everybody. As opposed to getting stuck with the pris atomic number 53rs dilemma or the pride jeopardize, companies in this scenario call for individually opted to stick to the strategies that they believe exit work and will hand them the marke t dominance that will secure their place as the industry leader.Effects of Equilibrium Equilibrium brings balance to the economy whether long- or short-lived. As a temporary phase that may or may not be maintained, equilibrium occurs when in that location is no tendency for change in the decisions of the economic entities regarding their products and services, the price and volume that they will fork over, and the charter segment that they will target. (Lipsey & Courant 510) Equilibrium be intimates in different forms as prevailing circumstances vary.In the macroeconomic goods market, equilibrium occurs when planned aggregate expenditure is equal to aggregate output. Thus, the volume that the suppliers has made available in the market is the same volume that buyers will actually buy. Meanwhile, equilibrium in the financial markets is attained when the supply of money is equal to the demand for money (Case & Fair 67). In this setting, qualified borrowers find that there are loa ns that they can avail.In the same setting, financial institutions are able to use in their operations the indolent cash in their coffers they issue loans to maximize their income from lending activities. Equilibrium has been thoroughly explored as a innovation and has been attributed with all kinds of applications arising from distinct circumstances and conclusions. It is not surprising that there evolved a specialized branch of game theory called General Equilibrium Theory which is widely used in analyzing the public and private sectors of the economy.(David Levine website) Freddie mackintosh in the Game Theory Freddie Mac never had to ward off many competitors in the industry. As one of the two giants the other one being Fannie Mae serving the countrys secondary mortgage market, the gaming area has turned out to be definitely spacious. Indeed, there is the sinless USA as the territory to be serviced and there come the banks to take care of dealing with them then there come Freddie Mac, Fanny Mae and Ginny to pour in the needed financial resources.With Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae issuing or guaranteeing a thoroughgoing of $5. 4 trillion in outstanding mortgage debt, these two companies practically make up the entire mortgage industry. Furthermore, they are equipped with all the needed ammunition for winning Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have undisputable strong points. Due to the implied backing of the United States government, they enjoy virtually unlimited access to the capital markets at funding costs that are below market. They pay no local taxes, only national.Each has enjoyed painful growth and profitability. As the biggest issuers of mortgage-backed securities and corporate securities in the world, the biggest buyers and hedgers of the securities in the world, and, not least, the source of liquidity for more than 75% of conventional and conforming home mortgages extended in this country, it could be argued that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are abou t as central to the American capital markets as the Treasury Department. (Annaly webstie) (Source World Socialist website)Indeed, with their coveted roles as providers of a continuing supply of money for the banking institutions engaged in retail lending to the multitudes, Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae own the game. As competitors offering the same products and services, enjoying the same rare privileges and dealing with the same clients, Freddie Mac and Fannie May have consistently been like identical twins though Fannie May turns out to be decades older than Freddie Mac. With each one of them keen on beating the other, the strategies and packages they resorted to turned out to work for both of them, at least during the boom growth years of the industry.Consistent with the Nash equilibrium concept, a report that came out in the Spring of 2002 showed that fully one-half of 2002s 1. 2% gain in real GDP growth was brought on by the housing activities across the country. (Annaly website ) Freddie Mac and Fannie May have been playing the Nash Equilibrium game. In such a game as theirs, players play the best they can given their beliefs, and they have learned all there is to learn about their opponents play (David Levine website). Works Cited Osborne, Martin. An Introduction to Game Theory. Oxford University Press, 2002. Lipsey, Richard & Courant, Paul.Economics eleventh Edition. New York HarperCollins College Publishers, 1996. Case, Karl & Fair, Ray. Principles of Economics 8th Edition. Prentice Hall, 2007. Levine, David. What is Game Theory? Department of Economic, UCLA. 29 October 2008 Annaly. com Website. FAQs on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, 29 October 2008 World Socialist Web Site. The Importance of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. 29 October 2008

Poetry can bring to life experiences and ideas Essay

Q. poetry can bring to life experiences and ideas which ar otherwise difficult for us to understand what is your response to this attractor?My personal response of poetry being the subject and drawulae, for individuals helping them to understand complicated life matters, which are difficult for us to understand is shown by comparing the two verse forms London by William Blake and Prayer in front birth by Louis MacNeice.We can begin to compreh stop everywhere the authors individual thoughts and feelings by analysing them through our own definition of language, form and structure of the poem.Prayer before birth is written in 1944 which is at the end of the hour human being war. This poem recoils the innocence of a child in the mothers womb being brought into a earthly extend to of experience and temptation. It is quite ironic to have a an unborn baby knowing of the outside origination and experiences as of yet non being born. But MacNeice uses clever imageryLet not the parasitical bat or the rat or the stoat or the club footed ghoul come pricy me.This gives us much(prenominal) of an image of how both innocence and experience differ from one another. This poem is a prayer which is to protect the innocence of the unborn child to nurture them constructively against the pressures they might experience in the twentieth century.The way that MacNeice has constructed the poem is by conologic every withstand(predicate)y going through life experiences as we keep on reading. This is taken from the second stanza by asking God to not completelyow wad to influence him into expectant doings, where here he has a choice from early on in life to make the redress decisions and choose the right pathway, however if he doesnt this is related to the seventh stanza where his doings now discharge into something which he has no control over and that it is leathal automation, due to the experience he is accustomed to. in time the structure of the poem visually il lustrates the beginning to the ending of his life as each stanza gets narrower. But by looking at the seventh Stanza, also its the language of the poem becoming quicker,as we proceed toward the end of the poem altogetherhither and thither or hither and thither..This in comparison to the poem London by Wiliam Blake. Where by the poem is of the Romanics which tends to attack the form of experience as it is alongside innocence due to character not nurture.A poem of social protest, against the suffering of all who live in a world such as this. Written in 1789 (during the french revolution, and also the british industrial revolution).Its slightly misery and human despair, the mind forgd manacles of depression imprisoning people. The rapidly indutrialising economy and society corrupt and poisin all those who live in it.This poem is about how people may disfunctionally go through experience and end up passing their knowledge through to the next innocent generation.Blake tends to use the i magery of cjildren a lot as they symbolise purity and power. His argument is that if childhood is reacked then so is the the adult that they become. Throught every act of his poem he uses a more innocent imagery of a child from infant to mod born infant. Also he uses clever imagery of purity contrasted against impurity.Quite a hardly a(prenominal) oximorons are used to contast imagery in the poem. Showing how the worldof experience can quickly corruptand destroy the innocence. every(prenominal) b deprivationning Church appalsBlackning meaning dirty metaphorically and also literally. This also shows the church which is appuled by the conditions but turns a blind eye, blackning is contrasted with purity which is supposed to be of the church , but the chuch is blackned by turning a blind eye. This imagery is used to show the state of human nature which people usually turn a blind eye.How the youthful Harlots curseBlake uses his imagery of a young prosititute, which here is also cont rasted with innocence which is corrupted.chimey-sweepers cry is exploiting innocence. Becoming black,dark and tained. Also the dying breath of the solider,which is infact the last dying breath of the solider, this is about ordinary people killing ordinary people for causes which may not benefit them,thihs maybe could be connected to revolution. Therefore the running of blood down place walls,shows the fault on the monarchy.Runs in blood down place wallsLondon is about how the controlling nature takes over innocence and the experience is now of automation. He shows this in the first stanza where theart of mapping, controlling, and resitricting are contrasted against the flow of the Thames.Not a poem of observed factual detail but Blakes perception of London, he uses the traditional form of alternate rhyming distinguishs to imitate the repititive predictability of the circle of suffering. Blake has experience of London so he is able to reflect back from when he was an innocent child to now of what he holds the knowledge of experience. This is shown in the first line of the poemI wander thro each charterd street,The lyrical quality is quite simple it is not a performance based poem. Alliteration is used to addto the imagery Blake is trying to create of London. The spoken language weakness, and Woe makes the poem sound of a feeble minded and gives the feeling of a spiritual lack of strengh of character.In the second stanza every is used to add imact which is used constanmtly through the first, second and third lines.The poem it self is quite short and in every stanza thereis four lines, the imagery is also quite concentrated in the short space Blake has used to give us an idea of what he feels London is all about. This could be due to having to get his point across to peopleBoth these poems, in my opinion, share feelings of concern and disgust for experience. If i had to pick which one I prefered I would choose the Blake poem. This is because the meaning of t he words is more clearcut. I accept that the point of the MacNeice poem may be to leave it up to the reader to determine whether or not the poem is sarcastic or not.But I dont consider this device to be particularly effective thought provoking maybe but not effective. The Blake poem is also more emotionally charged and melodramatic it is almost scary as the poem relates to London which is a specified 10-15 miles away and sadly corruption and sexually transmitted diseases are still relevant themes today.